Researchers at Florida International University (FIU) announced they have developed a next-generation lithium-sulfur battery that could significantly extend battery life and driving range, addressing a key barrier to electric vehicle adoption and retention.
For years, lithium-sulfur batteries have been considered a promising alternative to lithium-ion due to their lightweight nature, affordability and higher energy density. However, a major drawback has prevented widespread adoption -- the rapid degradation of the battery after just 50 charge cycles. Researchers at FIU’s Battery Research Lab discovered a way to dramatically improve the lifespan of lithium-sulfur batteries, making them a more viable option for EVs and other electronic devices.
“We started working with these next-generation battery chemistries eight years ago,” said Bilal El-Zahab, an associate professor at FIU’s College of Engineering & Computing. “The first charging cycle was great. By cycle 20, it was a useless lump of metal. We had to become battery whisperers to solve the problems with them, so it's really exciting to be at this stage.”
The research team found that by introducing platinum nanoparticles -- just 0.02% of the total battery composition -- into the sulfur electrode, they could stabilize battery performance and significantly extend its longevity. Their results, recently published in Energy and Environmental Materials, showed 92% battery retention after 500 charge cycles, meaning the battery remains nearly as efficient as when it was new.
“It also shows we minimized the negative reactions that hurt overall performance to bring this battery to the commercial level,” said Aqsa Nazir, an FIU postdoctoral researcher and first author of the study.
Lithium-sulfur batteries typically degrade due to the formation of polysulfides, chemical compounds that create a mossy buildup on the lithium side of the battery, reducing efficiency over time. The introduction of platinum nanoparticles helps direct lithium flow and minimize these negative reactions, effectively preventing the rapid breakdown of the battery.
“Adding nanoparticles of platinum to the battery is like adding a pinch of salt to food: a small amount can have an outsized impact,” El-Zahab explained.
FIU’s lithium-sulfur battery is now undergoing third-party testing, a critical step before potential licensing and commercialization. If successfully adopted, this advancement could revolutionize the EV industry by offering longer-lasting, more efficient batteries, ultimately reducing range anxiety and improving the practicality of electric vehicles for consumers.
